St. Peter's Basilica in Vatican City is the most legendary and worshipped building in the world. Millions of people visit the central place of Catholicism and one of the greatest achievements of Renaissance architecture every year. Though many of them know about its magnificence, there are thousands of concealed secrets and lesser-known facts about St. Peter's Basilica that make it all the more interesting.
In this blog, we will reveal 10 facts about St. Peter's Basilica that will leave you stunned. From its ancient history to its artistic riches, these fascinating St. Peter's Basilica facts will make you appreciate this architectural wonder even more.
10 Facts about St. Peter’s Basilica
1. The Basilica Stands on Ancient Ground
The most intriguing 10 facts about St. Peter's Basilica are its setting. Saint Peter, the apostle of Jesus and the first pope, is believed to rest in the basilica. Evidence indicates the spot was once used as a Roman necropolis and was used as early Christians reverenced it as the final burial site of Peter. The basilica, commissioned by Emperor Constantine during the 4th century, was replaced with the present one in the 16th century.
The choice to construct the new basilica was motivated by the need to build a more magnificent and lasting monument to Saint Peter. The process required the destruction of the old basilica, which had existed for more than a thousand years. This layering of history gives St. Peter's Basilica its distinctive mix of ancient and Renaissance architecture, which contributes to its mystique and importance. Buy St. Peter's Basilica & Dome Entry Ticket Audio Guided Tour and make your trip to the Basilica unforgettable.
2. It Took Over a Century to Build
The building of St. Peter's Basilica is a witness to human tenacity. Pope Julius II initiated its construction in 1506 and completed it 120 years later, in 1626. Many famous architects like Donato Bramante, Michelangelo, and Gian Lorenzo Bernini worked on its design. The long construction period of 120 years is one of the most interesting facts about St. Peter's Basilica, which reveals the commitment and craftsmanship that went into its building.
Every architect contributed their vision to the project. Bramante originally designed the basilica with a Greek cross plan, and Michelangelo subsequently changed it to a Latin cross plan. Carlo Maderno contributed the nave and façade, and Bernini created the breathtaking St. Peter's Square. The combined work of these masters produced a building that is both harmonious and breathtaking.
3. Michelangelo’s Dome is a Marvel of Engineering
Perhaps the most symbolic of St. Peter's Basilica's iconic elements is its stunning dome, designed by Michelangelo. But he passed away before its completion. The 136-meter (446-foot) tall dome was completed by Giacomo della Porta and Domenico Fontana. It is still one of the world's largest domes and provides spectacular views of Vatican City. This engineering marvel is one of the fascinating 10 facts about St. Peter's Basilica.
The Pantheon and the dome of Florence Cathedral served as inspiration for Michelangelo's design. The double-shell design of the dome provides stability as well as beauty. Tourists can ascend to the top of the dome for a panoramic view of Rome, which makes it a must-see attraction of the basilica.
4. The Basilica is Home to Countless Art Treasures
St. Peter's Basilica isn't only a sanctuary; it's also a masterpiece of works. From the Michelangelo-designed Pietà to the Bernini-made Baldacchino, some of history's most profound art pieces rest inside the basilica. Michelangelo's completed work of art when he was 24 is the Pietà, the one single piece ever signed by Michelangelo. The above works of art contribute to 10 facts about St. Peter's Basilica, making this wonder of religion an art visit haven.
Inside the basilica are mosaics, sculptures, and paintings by some of the world's most renowned Renaissance and Baroque artists. The Baldacchino, a bronze canopy above the papal altar, is the finest work of Bernini. The inscriptions, ornamentation, and majesty of these works are an expression of the basilica's position as an emblem of the power and influence of the Catholic Church.
5. The Obelisk in St. Peter’s Square Has a Unique History
One of the 10 facts about St. Peter's Basilica is the giant obelisk standing tall in St. Peter's Square. It was originally Egyptian but transported to Rome by Emperor Caligula in 37 AD. Pope Sixtus V shifted the obelisk to its present location in 1586 using 900 men, 140 horses, and 44 winches. Rumour has it that the obelisk has undergone multiple relocations without ever falling over.
The obelisk represents the victory of the Church over paganism and its association with ancient cultures. It is an example of Renaissance engineering skills and the Vatican's capability to reclaim and reuse ancient monuments. Purchase Rome: St. Peter's Basilica and Cupola Guided Tour and have an amazing day at St. Peter’s Basilica.
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